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Before we dive in—I just want to say thank you. Ten years of New Frontiers wouldn’t have been possible without your support, your curiosity, and your commitment to moving this field forward. I’m so excited to share this conversation with Romilly. ~ DrKF
In this very special episode, I have the privilege of turning the tables on Dr. Kara Fitzgerald as we celebrate 10 years of the New Frontiers podcast. I’ve been honored to walk alongside Kara on much of this journey—as a colleague, a collaborator, a mentee, and a friend—and it’s been incredible to witness the evolution of both her work and the field itself.
Together, we reflect on the stories, science, and people who have shaped this podcast—and the remarkable growth of epigenetics, personalized medicine, and functional medicine along the way. From early conversations around methylation and aging to hosting pioneers like Dr. Jeff Bland, Dr. Sidney Baker, and Dr. Charles Serhan, New Frontiers has become a living archive of how this field has moved forward.
As we talked about during the conversation: “Everybody is a piece of this ecosystem, and everybody has their role… It’s really cool to be part of that community.” This episode is a celebration of that collective journey—and a look at where we’re headed next. ~Romilly Hodges MS CNS IFMCP
10 Year Anniversary: What I Learned After 200+ Conversations with the Best Minds in FxMed
We’re celebrating 10 years of New Frontiers in Functional Medicine by putting Dr. Kara Fitzgerald in the hot seat. In this milestone episode, Kara reflects on how the podcast began, the clinical pioneers and scientific minds who helped shape the field, and how these conversations have transformed her approach as a clinician, scientist, and leader in functional medicine and longevity.
Joined by longtime collaborator Romilly Hodges, Kara shares behind-the-scenes moments, research highlights—including early epigenetics studies with Jeff Bland’s support—and key takeaways from standout guests like Charles Serhan, Sidney Baker, Paul Turner, and Moshe Szyf.
Tune in for an inspiring look at the evolution of systems-based care, the convergence of functional and longevity medicine, and what’s ahead for the next decade of New Frontiers.
In this episode of New Frontiers, learn about:
- How the Podcast Shaped Dr. Fitzgerald’s Thinking: Reflections on how ten years of deep conversations transformed her as a clinician, scientist, and leader in the field.
- Moments That Moved the Field Forward: From pro-resolving mediators to epigenetic diagnostics and phage therapy—hear highlights from some of the most pivotal episodes.
- Jeff Bland, Sidney Baker, and Other Influential Voices: Revisit the guests whose mentorship, ideas, and clinical wisdom helped shape functional medicine as we know it today.
- The Rise of Epigenetics in Functional Medicine: Why early work on methylation, longevity, and biological aging helped open new frontiers in personalized care.
- Finding Balance in a Demanding Career: Dr. Fitzgerald shares how motherhood, nature, and intentional choices have helped her navigate the pressures of clinical, academic, and entrepreneurial life.
- Functional Medicine as Longevity Medicine: Dr. Fitzgerald shares why foundational care—not short-term hacks—is the most powerful path to a long, healthy life.
- Looking Ahead: What’s Next in Personalized Medicine: From AI-enhanced diagnostics to prenatal epigenetic testing, discover what’s on the horizon for the next 10 years.
Romilly Hodges MS, CNS: Hello and welcome to this special episode of New Frontiers in Functional Medicine to celebrate 10 years of the podcast. And if you were expecting Dr. Kara Fitzgerald to be introducing you to this podcast, don’t worry, you are still in the right place. We are just doing something a little different for this episode and we are putting Dr. Fitzgerald, herself, on the hot seat. I’m Romilly Hodges, a longtime colleague and friend of Dr. Fitzgerald. I’m honored to call you a mentor, Dr. Fitzgerald, and to have walked so many pieces of this journey with you. I’ve learned so much from you and so much from this podcast with all the amazing guests that you’ve had. So, I’m actually going to be you and start us off in the usual manner.
Romilly Hodges MS, CNS: So welcome to New Frontiers in Functional Medicine where we are interviewing, definitely, the best minds in functional medicine and today is by far no exception. We have Dr. Fitzgerald for you and I know that you don’t often get to read your bio. In fact, you don’t ever get to read your bio, so I’m going to give our listeners a little bit of your bio now. I’m sure most of them know you very, very well.
Romilly Hodges MS, CNS: Dr. Fitzgerald is actively engaged in award-winning, clinical research on epigenetics and longevity using a diet and lifestyle intervention developed in her research and in her clinical practice. She’s published two clinical studies on the potential bio age reversing effects of an eight-week, DNA methylation supportive diet and lifestyle in middle-aged men and in women. You have other publications that have since come out on that topic and, of course, you are also the author of the bestselling book, Younger You, Reduce Your Bio Age and Live Longer, Better. Dr. Fitzgerald is on faculty at the Institute for Functional Medicine and she lectures globally on functional medicine, longevity and epigenetics to practitioners and to consumers. You maintain an award-nominated podcast series, this series, the New Frontiers in Functional Medicine podcast, that has amassed well over 2 million listens and is closing in on 200 episodes.
Romilly Hodges MS, CNS: You also have an active stream of very forward-thinking content on your website, drkarafitzgerald.com, and your clinical practice, the New Frontiers Functional Medicine and Nutrition Clinic, is located in Newtown, Connecticut. So welcome Dr. Fitzgerald to your own podcast. I’m excited to dive into a lot of things today, but really, a reflection of what has been, how the podcast came to be, what is going on for you now, and also as you look into the future. So we’re going to do a little bit of a tour.
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald: Sure.
Romilly Hodges MS, CNS: So at this point, New Frontiers in Functional Medicine has been going on for ten years and, as I mentioned, over 2 million listens. Actually, it’s about two and a quarter million listens and downloads so far and just about 200 episodes. You’re going to hit 200 episodes in the next few weeks. What did you set out to do with this podcast? Tell us about how it originated.
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald: Okay, well, first of all, Romilly, let me just say we could spend a whole episode sort of chatting about our own relationship, but I won’t. I do want to say to everybody, if you’re not aware, Romilly Hodges has been my right-hand woman in all of these endeavors. She’s the co-author with me on our research papers. She co-designed the Methylation Diet and Lifestyle, now renamed the Younger You Protocol, but you’ve been with me every step of the way. It’s funny, I’ll just share this one anecdote and then we’ll get down to business because it always makes me laugh. I know it makes you laugh too. So you first came as a student, you were shadowing me in clinic practice, and immediately we created this amazing nutrition program together. We kind of built the clinic into what it is today but quickly you became indispensable to me. And we share the same birthdays, everybody. We share the same birthdays.
Romilly Hodges MS, CNS: I was wondering what anecdote you were going to go with. So that’s a good one. Okay.
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald: I know, that’s it. That’s our anecdote. But, Rom, as you can hear from her voice, she’s a Brit. And you’ll probably notice from this podcast, or the fact that you haven’t seen her everywhere, if you’re not familiar with her, she’s a pretty reserved Brit. It’s so funny. I was talking to my sister about this. My sister’s into astrology, and I said, Romilly shares the same birthday but we’re so different. I’m kind of bombastic and I’m out there and lecturing and on and on. And she looked at me and she’s like, Kara, you guys are the same. She said to me, you are into the same thing, you think about the same things, you both share the same passions. And I was like, you’re completely right. And of course that’s true.
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald: So on the surface, we have different deliveries, but we’ve shared these passions together and I think we compliment each other. Your strengths certainly compliment mine. We’ve done what we’ve done because we’re a team. So it’s with deep, deep gratitude that I have the honor and privilege to continue to walk this with you. You’re in your PhD program. You’ve got kids also. You’re teaching at Sonoran University. You’re very, very busy, but the fact that you make time to continue this journey with me, to continue our research together, to do this podcast, to work with me in manifesting this vision, is something that I am deeply grateful for, and just, yeah, continue to be.
Romilly Hodges MS, CNS: Well, the feeling is mutual. Yeah. We’ll get back to it though. That’s lovely.
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald: Yeah, Let’s get back to it.
Romilly Hodges MS, CNS: Yeah. So let’s go back to what made you start this podcast? What was this all about?
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald: Yeah, it helps that I had this background in the lab and that, at that time, I had just joined faculty at IFM. So it did. It definitely helped that I had access to, you know, some of the functional medicine luminaries for sure. And I wasn’t afraid to sort of text bomb them as needed to get onto the show. But it quickly became apparent to me that really, all of the guests have been interesting, really even extraordinary. We all have our own brilliance. I think that’s one of the pieces that I will leave with. Sometimes I’ll just be compelled to share when I’m speaking is that changing the medical paradigm, changing this disease trajectory that we’re on, just the breakdown of health, the compromise of healthspan and lifespan, it’s an all hands on deck activity. And what that means to me is that we all have our areas of expertise and we need to lean in on those and believe in those and bring those forward. It’s just this beautiful puzzle that we’re building and we all have our own unique piece, our own unique offering.
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald: And so it became apparent to me pretty darn quickly that within the context of a podcast and sort of bringing out a person’s brilliance that everybody has this. Everybody has their angle and their story to tell, their brilliance to contribute. And so it’s just an honor to be able to talk to people, to be able to ask people questions, to be able to listen and just kind of receive their brilliance and to share that with other people. It’s just absolutely a thrill in my life that other people are interested in the conversation.
Romilly Hodges MS, CNS: Yeah. Well, I think you’ve just carved such an interesting journey navigating through all of these new areas of thinking, new areas of evidence in functional medicine. And I hope all the listeners picked up on the fact that everybody is a piece of this ecosystem and everybody has their role. Everybody that’s listening has a role that they’re playing in moving functional medicine forward. And that’s really cool to be part of that community.
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald: Yeah. Yes.
Romilly Hodges MS, CNS: I love that. Yeah. And I mean, do you ever find yourself having these conversations as a way to kind of discover things yourself? As a way to kind of scratch the itch for you in areas that you want to know more about.
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald: Yes. Oh my gosh, of course. Right? Of course. I mean, we could look at this from another angle. It’s incredibly selfish to be able to interview the most brilliant minds in functional medicine. Of course! I love it. I love being inspired. I love being educated from the trenches of deep science to just pure clinical gold, and all points in between.
Romilly Hodges MS, CNS: Well, let’s go a little bit deeper into that then. Tell us some of your… I mean, it’s hard to pick, I’m sure across all of these interviews, but do you have some standouts? What are the highlights for you? Maybe also tell us, you know, who was the most fun person to interview?
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald: Yeah. Gosh, it’s going to be difficult. Who was the most fun person? God, you know, I would say the first person that jumps to mind in the fun arena, which was entirely unexpected, was Charles Serhan. So Serhan, he’s a PhD at Harvard and he’s the scientist who characterized specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators. He discovered a universe that exists in our body, these metabolites of polyunsaturated fatty acids, the omega-3s and the omega-6s. He discovered them. I mean, he’s got to receive the Nobel at some point. These are exquisitely important physiologically and there are brain-derived specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators. They’re in the immune system, they’re in the heart, they’re in the liver, like, they’re just in full tilt circulation, attenuating, balancing, helping to create, clean up… All things immune system.
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald: And of course, it can’t come as a surprise, in this chronic disease epidemic that we find ourselves in around the world, that these pro-resolving lipid mediators aren’t being produced in adequate supply, for many reasons, a big one being that we don’t have enough omega-3s. Anyway, I stalked him for many years, or at least sort of. As much as you could possibly stalk a really busy Harvard scientist to get on my podcast. So all of my connections, you know, anybody who would know him. Or when he was at a conference I would just see if I could get him in. And finally, he agreed to do it. I mean, scientists in general are always fun to talk to, but he was particularly fun and funny and had an exquisite command of the science. I also find talking with scientists who are really in the trenches of their work, they’re always so excited when somebody outside of their world is as jazzed up with what they’re doing as they are. So he was really happy to discover this world of functional medicine where we absolutely care deeply about what he’s doing. It’s just one of my all time favorite podcasts. Yeah.
Romilly Hodges MS, CNS: Such a legend. Yeah, I remember literally kind of running to go and listen to the raw audio file of that one before it had even gone through any editing.
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald: And what did you think? You loved it, right?
Romilly Hodges MS, CNS: It was very exciting. It was super, super cool.
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald: Yeah, so learn about it. Anybody, if you haven’t heard my chat with Charles Serhan, please circle back and listen to it. And one of his postdocs joined us, who was also fabulously brilliant. It was a tour de force conversation. One of my favorite conversations, unexpectedly funny. I really had worked hard to get him on my podcast. But in thinking a little bit, like, juicy, deep, clinical expertise, and then flipping over to the, you know, bench science, we’ve had all points in between. The other person, so thinking clinically, Dr. Sidney Baker.
Romilly Hodges MS, CNS: Yeah.
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald: Any of us in functional medicine for any length of time would cite Sid Baker as our mentor, as our deepest inspiration. He’s now actually retired from medicine. He might be doing a little bit of practice. I mean, he is a father of this field as much as Dr. Jeff Bland. So having Sid Baker on my podcast, oh my goodness, just everything that he says is inspirational and relevant, not just to the practice of medicine and to be the best provider we possibly can, but his humanity. The heart-centered, clinical expertise.The heart-centered brilliance that he brings forward. And he worked primarily with children diagnosed with autism. His approach is brilliant and I encourage people to listen to it, to take it in, to allow his words, his presence, his energy, to influence and move them. And they will be better for bringing some of Dr. Baker’s clinical brilliance and humanity into their own clinical practice.
Romilly Hodges MS, CNS: Yeah, I always think of him every time I look at Saccharomyces boulardii bottles. You know, Dr. Sid Baker with his dosing and everything. Yeah, definitely another one to go back to.
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald: And magnesium. Talk about a champion for— Well, all of us are champions for magnesium, but certainly he was really the one who kind of founded that love affair, or fostered it in functional medicine.
Romilly Hodges MS, CNS: That’s awesome. That’s awesome. Any others that you want to highlight? So many.
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald: So many of them. So I think I would— I mean, I want to talk about Jeff Bland. So we could talk about Jeff Bland first, and then we’ll talk about some of the other scientists. So Dr. Jeff Bland has been my mentor, really— Dr. Richard Lord, who was my postdoc director at Metametrix Clinical Laboratory, and Dr. Jeff Bland, really two of my earliest and most important mentors. Richard has since retired, although we are still connected and he’s just living a really good life on a beautiful lake and he’s met Isabella. We went up there and visited him and went out on his boat. It was so, so fun. And Jeff, as everybody knows, he’s as hard at work as ever and just really moving our field forward. The most listened to podcast was with Jeff and we talked about epigenetics. We talked about DNA, and the genome, and the epigenome and it was one of the earliest conversations I had in epigenetics. He, more than anybody, believed in us. Right Romilly?
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald: And I think he really believed in the fact that we were starting to ask questions around how our functional medicine protocols would influence epigenetics. Of course, flash forward quite a few years later, we know that functional medicine profoundly influences the epigenome and beyond. There’s human data, there’s human research coming out every single day, really, in this arena. But there was a time when there really wasn’t much, if any, with certain questions. And ours was the first randomized clinical trial looking at a diet and lifestyle intervention and how it influenced epigenetics. And it’s pretty extraordinary that it was the first. It’s extraordinary that we were just really blessed to be in the right place at the right time. To be thinking the right things and to have Brent Eck, who was then CEO of Metagenics, offer to give us an unrestricted grant to move this forward.
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald: But it was scary at times, right? It wasn’t always well understood. In fact, I would say there was quite a bit of time when what we were up to wasn’t really well understood, with the exception of the steadfast, unwavering exception of Dr. Jeff Bland, who always believed in what we were doing. And as we moved forward and we had questions and we needed advice and we just needed our boat pushed a little bit further, we needed a little wind in our sails, Jeff was and has always been there. And I think that conversation— And everybody, we’ll link to these conversations I’m referencing in the show notes so you can go and find them and anything that Romilly references as well. And we’ll link to our publications and any other publications.
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald: But he just always held us up. He just always held us up, always believed in us. He continues to believe in what we’re doing, challenge it, make it more interesting, push us forward, ask the big questions, just everything that a dream mentor would do. And I think the extraordinary thing about Jeff is that’s what many of us say. He’s mentor to many. And so how he makes the kind of time that he makes to provide so many of us with this intentional direction is beyond me. It’s extraordinary.
Romilly Hodges MS, CNS: It was amazing to be part of that experience, really. One thing was that it wasn’t even well understood that we could change the epigenome at that time. So that was even part of the conversation. We had to do a lot of writing and talking about that in terms of the research that was out there. And then, of course, now it’s been built on and that’s now taken for granted.
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald: Yeah.
Romilly Hodges MS, CNS: And then the second piece was, well, you guys are just all about MTHFR, or something like that. It was misunderstood in that direction as well, rather than what we were trying to do being really upstream about supporting healthy methylation, including DNA methylation.
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald: Yes.
Romilly Hodges MS, CNS: So yeah, it was just very different. But you said you wanted to get to some of the scientists as well. Shall we? Which ones are on your list?
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald: Yeah, and of course, Jeff is a scientist extraordinaire. So we’re starting with him, but I guess just in thinking about lots of juicy clinical content and then we run the gamut to also really deep bench science. And gosh, I love it. You know, I love it. So a cool thing about scientists, really uniformly, is that they’re curious, even many, many decades into their career. I mean, look at Jeff, Charles Serhan, such an exciting, interested, curious human. Scientists uniformly, I have found, are like that. They’re willing to talk about— Well, if they’ve got an audience who’s jazzed up about their science, it’s all the more fabulous. But just circling back for a second to our research, Romilly, and when you and I were sticking our toe in this pond of epigenetics and whether diet and lifestyle interventions could truly influence it. As you said, there wasn’t human data out there.
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald: And at beginning before I hit record, or sometimes at the end of the podcast, I would just throw a little line out and mention, well, we’re doing this randomized control study and we’re looking at this dietary intervention, epigenetics… I was nervous sometimes to put it out there, but I want to just say, uniformly, these folks that I put it out to were always excited about it, always curious. From David Sinclair and Walter Longo to Moshe Szyf. who stepped on it. He’s out of McGill University and he’s an author on our paper and of course, he became a deep mentor to us on this journey and an important player in our study design and so on and so forth. But really, we received so much support from the scientific community in this arena and I just feel very, very grateful for that. And again, help with just kind of pushing us in the right direction, connecting us to a lab, connecting us to a resource and just helping kind of pave the way for what we eventually published.
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald: So favorite scientists. I mean, I love talking to them all. Going back to to Walter Longo, of course he’s brilliant with his Fasting-Mimicking Diet and how he came to that in his own journey researching caloric restriction, and his mentor, and some of the fallout of excessive or long term caloric restriction. And then developing the Fasting-Mimicking Protocol, for which they’ve got lots of really brilliant publications on. He was brilliant. It’s interesting, he was a little tricky at first to get rolling. I think he’s kind of a reserved person. He’s got a reputation as being reserved. We eventually just launched into it. Actually, we’ve had him on twice and we’ve been on panel discussions live. Just great, deep conversations. So, you know, he took a little bit to draw out. But yeah, quite—
Romilly Hodges MS, CNS: That’s funny. I don’t remember it. Anyway, a little bit of insider info.
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald: Behind the scenes, yeah. Other really brilliant things… Well, Randy Jirtle. I mean, talking to Randy Jirtle, again, having access to the most brilliant minds. Randy Jirtle, another individual who is Nobel category. His publication is the most cited publication in the history of science. You know, not a field of science, but science as an entity.
Romilly Hodges MS, CNS: It’s just insane. And that was the Agouti Mouse paper.
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald: Yeah. The 2003 Agouti Mouse Paper, which of course was, and continues to be, a massive influence for us. So the fact that I was able to talk to him twice on the podcast is extraordinary and we’ll link to his work. He demonstrated the power of nutrients on epigenetics, on gene expression with the Agouti Mouse Study and I’ll link to both of his podcasts [here and here]. So if you’re not familiar with Jirtle I do encourage you to listen to both. Especially maybe start with the first where you can really hear about that journey.
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald: Janine LaSalle, gosh, you know, Moshe Szyf. Let me just talk a second about Moshe Szyf. I interviewed him in 2017, again with deep gratitude that he was willing to spend some time with me on New Frontiers. He’s one of the most highly regarded epigeneticists out there, and really one of the first. He was thinking about DNA methylation, when they thought that it was sort of this irrelevant mark that you would find on, you know, cytosines.
Romilly Hodges MS, CNS: Some more of that junk stuff in the DNA, right? Let’s just lump together—
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald: Yeah, and not worthy to think about. I mean, his brilliance is that he knew that couldn’t possibly be true and hung in there and continues to just do really extraordinary research in this arena. So what he showed, he’s worked in animal models for much of his career and he’s been involved in researching human exposures, but just the impact of the behavioral experiences, impact of in utero stress, early life stress exposures in human and in animal models on health outcomes, and changing those outcomes using nutrients. So he’s big in S-adenosyl methionine (SAMe), which we use in clinical practice. Vitamin A – he’s researched, actually, that cocktail of S-adenosyl methionine and vitamin A, he showed in an animal model could turn around PTSD behaviorally. And looking at DNA methylation in the brain of this animal model. He just has many, many, many extraordinary publications, so we’ll link to that [see show notes].
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald: One of the things that he said that really struck me, his promise, his expectation was that we would be able to begin to diagnose these potential changes in utero. So perhaps an epigenetic bias towards developing a neurodevelopmental condition, you could diagnose it, you could use cell-free DNA from the mom, so just a blood draw, be able to tell what was happening epigenetically with the fetus, and actually be able to change that before birth. So that a potentially really detrimental condition becomes just a non-issue. It’s been corrected. And that’s what he talked to me about on our first podcast together, which was so deeply inspirational and just felt like science fiction. Right? Like science fiction.
Romilly Hodges MS, CNS: Yeah. And also the fact he was kind of thinking nutrients at the same time, right? In this context, that was the kind of magic… I don’t know, to me was the magic kind of combination.
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald: Yes, that’s a great, great point, Romilly. Yes, yes, we talked about the fallout actually of some of the demethylating agents that are used as chemotherapeutics actually. As you and I have talked about, there’s widespread problems associated when you just broadly demethylate the epigenome. That’s basically broadly changing gene expression all over the place. I mean, there’s going to be a massive potential for horrible side effects because you’re just changing gene expression all over the place and not just with the target cancer. So yes, he’s always been biased towards using nutrient interventions. Yeah, you’re absolutely right. That’s a very, very good point.
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald: So he talked to me about this back in 2017. Well, flash forward to 2024 and I interview Janine LaSalle, who’s a scientist out of UC Davis. So, LaSalle has mapped the placental methylome. She’s connected it with the central nervous system, so the brain-placental-methylome axis. And in so doing, she’s been able to kind of pick up the potential for changes in the fetus during fetal development that can lead to neurodevelopmental disorders. So she’s taken Moshe’s original promise and brought it further and is now developing the assays that Moshe talked about in 2017 to diagnose these methylation changes in cell-free DNA, in maternal blood, that can lead to the neurodevelopmental disorders in offspring, if I’m saying that clearly.
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald: So she’s going to bring to realization his original promise, which is absolutely mind blowing. She’s working on these diagnostics now. And once we have these diagnostics— Of course now, as you pointed out, Dr. Moshe Szyf is interested in the nutrient interventions as are we. And there’s so much more human data out there that we’ll be looking at being able to use through a functional medicine lens what we identify in DNA methylation patterns in the cell-free DNA and correct imbalances while still in utero. While still being developed. And it’s just mind blowing. It’s just mind blowing. It’s just the beginning. It’s just the beginning. I mean, we’ll be able to look at the potential for some of the age-associated chronic diseases that early and begin to turn those around? I mean, my expectation is very likely as we get more more sophisticated with this technology.
Romilly Hodges MS, CNS: That’s super cool. Super cool. All right. So I’m going to move us in slightly different direction. Is there anything else you wanted to add in looking back?
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald: Let me say another awesome– just looking down at just a very truncated list. I’m going to give you two people. The late great cardiologist, Stephen Sinatra who put CoQ10 on the map. Who anecdotally, my mom was his nurse, who helped him set up his cardiology practice when he was just finishing his fellowship. Actually, when he was in his fellowship they worked together at St. Francis Hospital in Hartford and then he hired her to help set up his cardiology practice. It was so funny to share that anecdote. You worked with my mom, you hired my mom. So he worked with heart failure patients and he really put CoQ10 on the map. And gosh, what a great conversation. Just another luminary in our field and to just be able to spend some time with him was fabulous
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald: And then Bob Rountree, my really good friend, Bob Rountree who I’ve taught at IFM for over 10 years now. We talked about non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and it was just a tour de force conversation. And he created a whole slide deck. I think he’s the first and only person to create a companion slide deck that was highly downloaded and this is still a relevant conversation. It’s just, again, dripping with clinical utility. So I want to bring him up. And then the other podcast, just…
Romilly Hodges MS, CNS: Well, just before you get… I mean, just on Bob Rountree, because in my mind he’s such an amazing educator. I just still have in my mind, I can picture his IFM lecture, essentially, with the Batmobile heading into the nucleus to target the NLRP3 inflammasome. I think that was what he was talking about, but it was very visual. Go ahead. Sorry.
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald: Yes. That’s awesome. It’s so cool. You’ll never forget the NLRP3 inflammasome thanks to him. He’s a great educator and he’s a practicing clinician. He’s seeing patients in his practice. That combination is just gold. So what he’s bringing is not theoretical. What he’s bringing forward to us is from his experience and it’s just extraordinary. I mean, these things fundamentally change me as a provider, as a clinician, as a thinker, as a scientist, as a human. I mean, these podcasts don’t go in one ear and out the other. They really change my own thinking and they’ve evolved me. Probably all of them.
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald: Another really cool one that I want to bring up is, is Paul Turner. So he runs the Turner Lab at Yale, and he brought back researching bacteriophages to the US and so I just want to link to it. The science on bacteriophages, if you’re not familiar with them, it is ridiculously interesting. Bacteriophages were used in the US prior to the development of antibiotics. So these guys have antibiotic potential and I won’t go into the how and why, I’ll just encourage you to listen to this podcast. But when we developed antibiotics we just put a pin in all of that science. More than a pin, we just stopped. It just became verboten. The bacteriophages that we were using and prescribing were stopped. They stopped production and they were no longer available. This is going back to like the 30s or 40s, but they continued research on bacteriophages in Eastern Europe and they became more and more sophisticated in understanding how they worked and understanding indications.
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald: Turner started to research them and brought it back to the US and just a quick survey of the literature so far, their application is growing and some of us are using them in clinical practice. We will be thinking and using them more and more for everything from infection— So again, they were the precursor to antibiotics, so infection is one of their primary uses, but even beyond looking at autoimmunity, looking at anything that’s sort of infection associated. I encourage people to get a listen to that podcast to just understand these guys.
Romilly Hodges MS, CNS: Yeah. So as you said, we’re going to put all these links in the show notes and I definitely encourage everybody to go back and look at all the podcasts that have been released over the years, because there’s just so much. There’s so many good folks that you’ve interviewed and amazing information that has been shared. And if you want to see the transcripts, that’s all on the website as well.
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald: Yeah. Yeah, all of these podcasts are over there. Actually, I wanted to say something funny from the interview with Turner and his postdoc. They talk about from pond to bedside. You actually find bacteriophages in a pond. And so sometimes we talk about from bench to bedside in the scientific world, like, when you figure something. So now pond. So a teaser is there’s some cool case anecdotes in my conversation in this pond to bedside… Some pretty heroic… Yeah.
Romilly Hodges MS, CNS: Okay. That’s awesome. That’s awesome. Yes. Go check it out. Go check it out. Okay. So along the way, right? So you started as a functional medicine clinician and along the way came longevity medicine, right? And you were kind of in that edge of the wave as it has now sort of swept across large swaths of medicine. But could you describe for us from your lens, how do functional medicine and longevity medicine complement each other? How are they aligned? What is your perspective and how you want people to understand that?
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald: Right. Well, you’ll help me color this in. So we think functional medicine is longevity medicine, right? We would say, functional medicine is longevity medicine. So functional medicine is the clinical application of systems medicine. So basically I think when we look at the whole person, the whole person in their environment, and we go in and we help them balance and optimize, we are basically fostering the development of optimal health. Not just at that moment, but really going forward. I’ll just say that one of the extraordinary things about functional medicine is that there’s a ripple effect. So when one person in a family environment or a community or unit gets better, that has an influence on the people around them. There’s just an extraordinary ripple effect. It’s not taking a drug, this medicine. It really has a profound influence. Why do you look so good? What are you doing? Wow, I want to try that. Or somebody who’s the head of household supporting changes in diet that influences everybody or the movement towards moving, adding exercise in et cetera. So I think we just—
Romilly Hodges MS, CNS: So it’s contagious. Functional medicine is contagious.
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald: It really is contagious. And really, our medicine is the most efficient and powerful at fostering good health in the moment, but healthspan. And commensurate with healthspan is the possibility to live longer. But we don’t want to live a long time— at least I don’t want to live a long time— in a disease process, being reliant on many medications or being disabled as so, so, so, so many of us fall prey to right now. I want to live with vibrant healthspan as well. There’s just no question in my mind that functional medicine has the richest toolkit towards fostering healthspan.
Romilly Hodges MS, CNS: Yeah. And how does that sit then if we think of… I’m sure everybody’s sort of either in it or they can see it from the periphery, this sort of biohacker approach to longevity, reaching for single point interventions. Some of them are super expensive. How does that fit?
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald: Sure. Right, right, right. Yes, so there’s longevity interventions– There’s stuff coming down the pike that’s incredibly interesting. I will just put a pin in talking about Vittorio Sebastiano and we’ll pop him on the show notes, actually, for people so you can listen to some of the really cool stuff that’s coming forward. Yeah, there’s just longevity thinking about biohacking, thinking about living a long time, the idea of let’s not die or escape velocity where you’re reversing your biological age by a year every year so basically you’ve become immortal. There’s this pretty interesting conversation happening now, that incidentally wasn’t happening that long ago. And so it really makes people jump on the bandwagon for whatever is out there, you know, whatever nutrient, whatever drug has been shown, primarily in animal models, maybe just even just worms, which is a common animal model for investigating longevity interventions. And they start taking it.
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald: And we know in functional medicine that if you take somebody who foundationally isn’t balanced and you layer on nutrients, whatever they might be because of some catchy sales line or some limited research, that really you’re likely not going to be moving the needle on health at all, or very minimally. It’s essential that the foundational balancing takes place as we do in functional medicine. So it’s essential that whatever your individual imbalances are, be it a bias towards metabolic imbalances or being a bias towards allergic disease or whatever your flavor of dysbiosis is. You know, whatever your history leads you to, your current situation imbalances that need to be corrected. All of this information is essential to understand and to approach and to dial in into an overall plan before layering these sort of sexy longevity supplements are going to make any kind of a difference.
Romilly Hodges MS, CNS: So you’re not saying, don’t do the newest longevity supplement, you know, functional medicine is it. Rather you’re saying that the functional medicine foundations have to be there regardless. And yes, some of these are really interesting new innovations that are important to consider layering on, for those of us who want to optimize healthspan and lifespan.
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald: Yes. Yes, do the foundational stuff first and ideally find out whether these kind longevity interventions are appropriate for you. Find out. There are many, many papers that are floating around that are getting a lot of attention on things like taurine, vitamin D. Vitamin D obviously it’s extraordinary and many of us need to be taking it. Magnesium, you now, rapamycin, metformin… I mean, we can go on and on about what’s out there getting attention. If you’re vitamin D replete, layering on more vitamin D because a study just came out showing that it reverses bio age in vitamin D deficient individuals is not going to apply to you who has adequate vitamin D. Same with magnesium.
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald: Not everybody is going to respond to a one-meal-a-day, time-restricted eating structure. That will not make all of us healthier. In fact, it will make some of us malnourished and perhaps living in a really heightened stress response because the body’s moving into a starvation mode. For some of us, it’s going to be extraordinary. It’s going to be game-changing. But for others, it’s absolutely damaging and inappropriate. And I think that requires a careful lens. Answering those kinds of questions just requires the lens of a provider who has the background knowledge and also has the knowledge of you, the human being they’re taking care of, to be able to design something that’s right for the individual.
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald: We researched the methylation diet and lifestyle that we call Younger You. We researched that in a randomized controlled trial and people were basically needing to follow one kind of a structure. There was wiggle room within that dietary pattern for preferences and so forth, but there was a general structure that they needed to follow. And it’s awesome that we moved the needle on changing the epigenetic clock, the Horvath clock, and that we moved the needle in weight loss and cholesterol, et cetera. But we’ve always said, and it’s always been clear because this intervention was born in clinic, that we suspected we would go further with it when we could individualize it to the human being sitting in front of us. And so that’s what we did for years, really, before we brought it into the research setting.
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald: We had this opportunity to prescribe it and individualize it for the human sitting in front of us. And as a result, we saw really pretty amazing clinical turnaround with the dietary pattern, autoimmunity, treating various gut issues, migraine, and on and on. Kind of the litany of things that we would see in clinical practice we saw people using the Younger You dietary pattern, individualized for them, responding to really quite well. In the book, by design, I speak to that. I gave some basic ideas on how you might layer the dietary pattern into somebody on a Specific Carbohydrate Diet, or somebody on a ketogenic, or somebody with various allergies, et cetera. I wanted to just push that forward that we always think in functional medicine that treating the individual first is going to yield the best outcome.
Romilly Hodges MS, CNS: Yeah. And I always think of in science we have these tools for assessing, like a randomized controlled trial, which is pretty highly esteemed. I mean, ours was a pilot, but nevertheless, under the structure of being controlled and being randomized. But it gives you a mean output, which tells you whether you found signal and what the inputs were, which is a valuable piece of information. On average, did we find a meaningful signal in that investigation? Which we did. But then we also realized that nobody really sits on the mean. All the individuals are somewhere around a mean, some above and some below. And that’s part of understanding individuals and tailoring it to each of them.
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald: Yes. Yes. Very nicely said. I love it. This is her stats class. You’re getting really nicely articulate in this arena. That’s great.
Romilly Hodges MS, CNS: Oh my gosh, I enjoyed my stats class, it’s true. No, they didn’t talk about that though, I have to say. But anyway, I did still enjoy my stats class.
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald: Well, it’s just a nice articulation of the benefit of both approaches. You know, the N-of-1, but also, yes, in any intervention, people are not falling on the mean. Yes, you’ve spoken to that before. We’re all sort of dancing around it.
Romilly Hodges MS, CNS: Yeah. So let’s see. What does that mean when somebody comes to you in clinic then? Because I know that a lot of people will be familiar with what functional medicine is, what it looks like, but maybe some of the listeners aren’t. And so when you’re talking about this combined approach and really individualizing it, can you speak a little bit to what the experience is like for somebody coming, say, to see you in a clinic situation?
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald: Yeah, so we need to get an in depth history and we do that through a variety of means. They’re going to fill out paperwork to probably provide more information than they have ever to any provider and then we’ll have an interview after that. You know, we’ll have a meeting and we’ll conduct a physical exam and do laboratories to really look under the hood and understand where that person has been and where they are today and where they are potentially going. One of the very extraordinary things about where we are today in the world is that our technology is improving. Our access to very sophisticated labs, imaging, et cetera, is just really booming. And so, the kind of sophisticated analysis that we can do today, the kind of information that we can glean about a person’s health and wellbeing and make predictions about where they’re going and change when those predictions are negative, it’s getting more and more powerful what we’re able to do.
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald: And let me just mention Owen Phillips, getting back to talking about podcasts. So he’s the CEO, he’s the founder of BrainKey, which applies AI interpretation to brain MRI. I’ve got a podcast with him and the kind of information, the sophisticated analysis that can be obtained using what they’re doing at BrainKey is just extraordinary. It’s very exciting and probably, at some point, we will want this data when we’re at our highest health. Perhaps when we’re quite young to have a baseline brain scan, to have this information about our brain in an optimal state so that we’re able to track over time and get in there and recognize changes very early when they’re the most correctable. There’s just exciting technology.
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald: And in the laboratory, I talked to Hans Frykman, who is the CEO and medical director at Neurocode and they’ve created an incredibly sophisticated suite of biomarkers looking at identifying early, well, on the continuum of, neuroinflammatory changes specifically related to cognitive impairment. They’ve got a suite of three biomarkers that they’re looking at that they’ve got very good research on. They’re just doing such, such cool, high-caliber work collaborating with scientists around the world and we can use these now. And yes, they’re used to help identify Alzheimer’s, but also to track whether our interventions are correcting these, are lowering these, or changing them. And in fact, they are, by the way. Dr. Dale Bredesen has done some incredible work in this arena. But also catching neuroinflammation as it relates to COVID, or as it relates to Lyme, or toxin exposures, mold, et cetera, et cetera. These tools are just growing in their sophistication.
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald: For me in my space, I think about them in the preventative arena and doing these baseline analytes when it’s possible. The exciting thing is that these next generation companies are working on getting coverage. These technologies that are new or that are emerging are pricey now and many of us have to pay out of pocket to have access to them. But there’s active intention on getting insurance coverage. I don’t have a podcast with these guys, but I’m a huge fan of the Cleerly scan, which is applying AI technology to coronary artery CT scans and being able to identify the continuum of soft, very dangerous plaques to full calcification, which is just moving the needle extraordinarily forward in the realm of cardiovascular disease. Very, very, very exciting. They’ve just gotten Medicare coverage, so these things will become, I think, standard of care. Not just in the US, but eventually really everywhere.
Romilly Hodges MS, CNS: Yeah, that’s super exciting. Just in terms of the preventative activity, I think Bredesen’s publications have shown most impact in early stage, right? So being able to understand the earlier changes seems super important, and these tools are giving us that insight.
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald: Yes. Yes. Well, and one of the cool things that Dr. Frykman said on the podcast was seeing people who have the genetic bias towards developing dementia and have a family history, you know the APOE4 gene that is so terrifying to those of us who have it, seeing that the Bredesen intervention can really shut down the onset of it. It’s just extraordinary. There was once upon a time that this gene was a shoe-in for developing dementia and to begin to be able to look and see that there are interventions that can slow or perhaps halt the directive is just extraordinary.
Romilly Hodges MS, CNS: Yeah, that’s super exciting. I mean, I think you’re already leading us to where I wanted to go next, which is looking a little bit to the future as to where are we headed? And I also wanted to point out that you have a very exciting Masterclass for clinicians coming up. The title is Functional Medicine is Longevity Medicine. And you can find out more at the URL drkarafitzgerald.com/masterclass. Do you want to say a few words about what you’re excited about for that upcoming event?
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald: Yeah! We’re going to have some rock stars, some of them you’ve already met on the podcast. We’ll have some big rock stars joining us to talk from the lens of longevity medicine, to talk through the lens of functional medicine, to talk about some of the next generation science that’s coming down the pike and some of the interventions that are available to us now that seem very next generation. But foundationally, I want people to be very clear that functional medicine is longevity medicine, hence the name. So this is geared towards functional medicine providers and I think savvy, regular folks are going to really love it as well. And people who are outside of the functional medicine world but are providers in different arenas will probably also find something interesting here for them as well.
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald: But for us as functional medicine providers, I want us to be buoyed up that we already have a very robust toolkit when it comes to longevity medicine. And we’ll talk about what that is and what it looks like and why. And then we’ll just layer on new tools and some of the science to be thinking about. So I’m very excited about it and the guests that we’re going to have on, we’ll link to it in the show notes and you can see that it’s going to be extraordinary. For our last masterclass I think we topped 2,000 live attendees, so we expect this to be just bubbling with cool activity and a great audience.
Romilly Hodges MS, CNS: And I’m hoping that you’re going to talk a little bit as well about the latest publications on the methylation-targeted diet and lifestyle where some of the data is showing some exciting associations. So we look forward to that as well.
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald: Yeah, for sure. I’ve got one word— polyphenols. Or maybe two words— phytochemicals, polyphenols.
Romilly Hodges MS, CNS: We also just had another publication that outlined that the dietary protocol that we use in the research has around 3,000 milligrams per day of polyphenols specifically, which actually ends up higher than many of other interventions that are being researched for changes to epigenetics and the epigenetic clocks, et cetera. That’s pretty interesting. I’m sure people will learn more about that at the Masterclass as well.
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald: And we’ll link to it. We’ll link to those papers in the show notes as well.
Romilly Hodges MS, CNS: Yes, super exciting. Okay. One of the things I wanted to get to as we near the end. You have been known to turn up at conferences with a Dora the Explorer backpack. That was the best sighting in New York City earlier this year, you arriving with your Explorer backpack. Anyway, tell us a little bit about your life as a parent, a business owner, a clinician, a forward thinker.
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald:That’s so funny.
Romilly Hodges MS, CNS: Like, how do you keep balance, still carve out time and space for yourself, for self care and, you know, any tips that can save the rest of us.
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald: That’s funny. Use your kids stuff, I would say, first and foremost. I mean, that backpack definitely got more attention than anything else that I did.
Romilly Hodges MS, CNS: It’s quite apt really. I mean, I think we could give you that title, Dora the Explorer.
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald: That’s so funny. That’s really funny, Romilly. Yeah, that was the first question at my lecture. That’s your kid’s backpack. That’s so funny. Michelle Leary said that to me. So yeah, that came from Isabella and I just realized it was the perfect size. It was just… yeah, I needed it at the conference and she was there with me. How do I stay sane? Well, I can tell you right now, well, first of all, I live in Baja California, Mexico. For me, that was a quality of life change. When I realized that I could kind of manage the business and also elevate our lives here it became a no-brainer. And we’re thriving in this environment. It’s very outdoors, it’s physically active, naturally, it’s very community-centric. My bike is right there. I don’t drive to the office.
Romilly Hodges MS, CNS: And you’ve tracked that, right? With your heart rate variability and all the other measures that you’re tracking?
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald: Yeah. Yes, immediately. Well, I knew when we first vacationed here, and because most people on vacation are going to see some of those measurements, you know, snap to beautiful places when they have some downtime. But to actually see it continue to be strong or exceptional, to see my heart rate variability, you know, just go to the highest it’s been by changing the environment. To see Isabella thriving and happy and just so well connected and able to make friends. There’s just something about this environment that has really resonated with what we need. So yeah, deep gratitude.
Romilly Hodges MS, CNS: Okay, yeah. So what if we can’t move to Mexico, just as a hypothetical? What do we do?
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald: Yeah, what if you can’t move? Right. So we have to foster community. I would say that’s huge. And there’s some cool science out there showing that the physical activities that are most associated with longevity, so with expanding lifespan and obviously healthspan, would be with activities that involve other people. So, some sort of a team sport or some kind of a physical activity. Maybe it’s hiking with other people or playing tennis. So the combination of the interconnection plus the physical movement seems to be a pretty extraordinary sweet spot. And how do we foster connectivity in our lives? Do we have family nearby or do we have a spiritual practice, or is there a really amazing coffee shop? Is our area reasonably walkable? Can we get out into the world where we are and connect with others in that way? I think for me, what I’ve had to do to foster as much balance as possible, answering those questions, figuring out how to make that work in my life has been essential.
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald: For me, when I was riding my bike in the US— I’m a cyclist as probably anybody who knows me, who’s followed my work for any length of time— riding environments where I could actually talk on the phone. So sometimes on my bike was the time when I got to connect with family members or friends. Even do some of our meetings for work I would have on my bike. As long as I was in a safe spot and the meeting wasn’t too demanding, I could do it while I was riding. That was really fun.
Romilly Hodges MS, CNS: Yes, that’s awesome. Yes. Did I interrupt you? Was there anything else you wanted to say?
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald: No, I didn’t even talk about food. Obviously, that’s a whole other conversation, but being able to source really fresh, clean nutrients and those dense polyphenols. Those nutrients that are dense with those phytochemicals that we’re really coming to learn, not just in our research, but in so much more human data coming out that these phytochemicals are extraordinary essential players in terms of directing optimal gene expression.
Romilly Hodges MS, CNS: So everybody should come to the Masterclass to find more details on that and hear from others so much more about that.
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald: Yeah, and so much more.
Romilly Hodges MS, CNS: That is going to be very exciting. So I think that we should wrap up. Thank you so much for letting me walk in your shoes a little bit and be the interviewer on your podcast.
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald: It was fun.
Romilly Hodges MS, CNS: It was super fun. And I have to say, a lot of us are going to be relying on you to continue to push us and to improve how we are thinking about and practicing functional medicine and longevity medicine as well. So we are very excited for what’s to come on the podcast. And just to finish off, we have a little bit of a surprise for you. We have some recordings that your friends, your colleagues, podcast guests have sent in and we’re going to play them for you now. So. All right.
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald: Wow. Wow!
Romilly Hodges MS, CNS: Take care everybody.
Dr. Kara Fitzgerald is actively engaged in award-winning clinical research on epigenetics and longevity using a diet and lifestyle intervention developed in her research and practice. She has published two clinical studies on the potential bioage-reversing effects of an 8-week DNA methylation-supportive diet and lifestyle in middle-aged men and women and is the author of the bestselling book Younger You: How to Reduce Your Bio Age and Live Longer, Better.
Join Dr. Kara Fitzgerald and leading experts LIVE on Sept 17–19, 2025 for a free virtual Masterclass on redefining healthcare & longevity through the lens of science-backed, systems-based approach. Register now: https://www.functionalmedicineislongevitymedicine.com/
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Original Younger You Research
Other DrKF Research
Dietary polyphenol assessment for aging research (2025)
Furin Protease: From SARS CoV‐2 to Anthrax, Diabetes and Hypertension (2020)
Can Unconventional Immunomodulatory Agents Help Alleviate COVID-19 Symptoms and Severity? (2020)
Podcast Resources
Serhan Podcast: Specialized Pro-Resolving Mediators: As Close to a Panpharmacon as We Can Get?
Podcast: The Art of Medicine: A Soul-Stirring Chat with Sidney Baker, MD
Blog: Proteome, metabolome, microbiome, exposome: Glancing into the OMES with Dr. Richard Lord
Podcast: Epigenetics, SNPs, and Aging with Dr. Jeff Bland
Podcast: Understanding Genetics of Aging with Harvard Professor Dr. David Sinclair
Dr. Valter Longo’s Fasting-Mimicking Program & Longevity
Podcast: Fasting-Mimicking Diet, Longevity, and Biological Aging with Dr. Valter Longo (2022)
Podcast: Fasting Mimicking Diet: Beyond caloric restrictions with Dr. Valter Longo (2018)
Research: Transposable elements: targets for early nutritional effects on epigenetic gene regulation
Podcast: Have You Met Your Imprintome Yet? Here’s Why You Should
Podcast: The Epicenter of Epigenetics; Discussing the Agouti Mice Study & More with Dr. Randy Jirtle (2018)
Podcast: Gene Whispering with Dr. Moshe Szyf
Research for Dr. Szyf:
Podcast: Towards Predicting Autism in Utero with Dr. Janine LaSalle
Podcast: Dr. Stephen Sinatra and the Past, Present and Future of Integrative Cardiology
Podcast: Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Dr. Robert Rountree shares his Expertise (and Powerpoint!)
Paul Turner, PhD and the Paul Turner Lab at Yale University
Podcast: Decoding Aging: The Science Of Cellular Rejuvenation With Dr. Vittorio Sebastiano
The Horvath Clock: DNA Methylation age of human tissues and cell types
Owen Phillips, PhD – CEO and Founder, BrainKey
Podcast: AI-Driven Brain Imaging: A Game Changer in Preventing Cognitive Decline with Owen Phillips, PhD
Dr. Hans Frykman, MD, PhD, FRCPC – CEO and Medical Director at Neurocode
Podcast: p-Tau 217: The Breakthrough Biomarker Revolutionizing Early Alzheimer’s Detection
Dr. Dale Bredesen and The Bredesen Protocol
Podcast: Addressing Root Causes of Neurodegenerative Diseases with Dr. Dale Bredesen
Cleerly AI-Powered Cardiac Insights
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