The human microbiome has become the center of many discussions related to health issues. This makes sense, considering that we are made up of more non-human microorganisms than human cells.1 And if we broaden our view of what the human body is, we quickly understand that we cannot exclude the trillions of microorganisms living in and on our bodies, including the ones that live in our mouths. Just like other microbiomes in the body, our oral microbiome consists of many different types of bacteria. For too long most dentists and clinicians have focused only on pathogenic bacteria that are responsible for oral diseases such as dental caries or periodontal disease, rather than looking at the oral microbiota in its entirety. But in recent years we have gained a better understanding of what types of bacteria live in the mouth and what role they play in their microbial community.